What is the first line drug for treating hyperthyroidism?

The first-line treatment for hyperthyroidism, particularly for conditions such as Graves' disease, is typically methimazole. This medication is a thioamide that works by inhibiting the synthesis of thyroid hormones in the thyroid gland. Methimazole is favored over propylthiouracil (PTU) due to its more favorable side effect profile and longer duration of action.

While PTU is also an option for treating hyperthyroidism, particularly in specific situations like during the first trimester of pregnancy or for thyroid storm, the general practice is to begin treatment with methimazole.

Radioactive iodine can be effective in treating hyperthyroidism, especially in cases of Graves' disease, but it is typically considered a second-line treatment option due to its selenium-iodine risk of hypothyroidism and other long-term consequences.

Beta-blockers may be used to manage symptoms of hyperthyroidism, such as palpitations and anxiety, but they do not address the underlying hyperthyroid condition itself and are not used as a primary treatment strategy for controlling thyroid hormone levels.

In summary, for treating hyperthyroidism, methimazole stands out as the first-line medication for its effectiveness in reducing thyroid hormone production, leading to improved clinical management